Posts Tagged ‘5 million’

A Time-Tested Method For Making A Tax-Advantaged Investment

Friday, April 17th, 2009

Do you have a large amount of retained earnings and excess cash in your corporation, but the double taxing power of the law has your cash locked in the corporation? Most business owners think they are stuck, but there’s an easy way out.

Here’s a true story of one way to get the job done and I think you’ll like it. Joe called me with this problem. He and his brother Jeff each owned 30 percent of Success Co., which they managed. Their mom (age 66) owed 20 percent in her own name, and a trust (created when their dad died) owned the other 20 percent. Mary’s professional advisors recommended that Mary obtain $2 million of life insurance using an irrevocable life insurance trust (ILIT) to pay the estate tax liability that would be due at her death (because of the value of the assets she owned directly in her own name and indirectly as a beneficiary of her deceased husband’s trust).

The advisors were right. Mary needed the insurance, but she did not have a ghost of a chance of coming up with the annual premium requirements of $32,000 per year for as long as she lived.

I asked Joe lots of questions, conferred with the advisors and requested a large pile of information — stuff like tax returns, financial statements, etc. After discovering that Success Co. had $2.5 million in excess cash, this is what I recommended.

Mary gifts $1.2 million of her Success Co. stock (the total value of Success Co. was appraised at over $8 million) to a charitable remainder trust (CRT). The CRT agrees to pay Mary $72,000 per year for as long as she lives. At Mary’s death, the balance (called the “remainder”) in the CRT will go to charity. Each year Mary must pay $25,000 in income tax (on the $72,000 of income from the CRT) and $32,000 in premiums (for the $2 million policy, which is owned by an irrevocable life insurance trust, ILIT for short), or a total of $57,000. This leaves Mary an extra $15,000 per year to buy presents for her grandchildren.

The ILIT will give Mary’s children $2 million (in insurance proceeds) when she dies. The entire $2 million will be tax free — no income tax, no estate tax.

But where does the CRT get the income to pay Mary? The CRT sells the gifted stock back to Success Co. for $1.2 million. Let’s summarize Mary’s tax picture: Mary avoids all capital gains tax on the sale of the Success Co. stock. The balance in the CRT (estimated at $1.1 million) at Mary’s death goes to Mary’s favorite charity and is free of income tax and estate tax. In addition, Mary gets an immediate income tax deduction of about $200,000 for her charitable contribution to the CRT. Simply put, even though Mary avoids both the capital gains tax and the estate tax, the IRS writes her a check. For what, you ask? For the present value of the remainder (of the $1.2 million) gifted to the CRT.

This $200,000 (immediate deduction) results in about $70,000 in cash income tax savings for Mary. Lots more expensive presents for the grandchildren. (Note: If Mary had sold the $1.2 million of Success Co. stock directly to the company, it would have been taxed as a dividend, resulting in a whooping tax of $180,000.)

A side note before concluding: There are many other ways to get cash (or other types of property out of your C corporation) in a tax-effective manner. If you have such a problem, as a service to readers of this column, contact me.

The use of a CRT in tandem with an ILIT is a time-tested method for making a tax-advantaged investment for your family. You actually create wealth (make a real economic profit) by gifting to charity.

A Big valuation victory For Our Side

Monday, April 13th, 2009

I’d like to hug every judge who had a hand in this classic Tax Court decision: [Estate of Davis, 110 TC 35, 6/30/98]. Instead of giving all the dull facts and all the technical stuff in the case, this article deals with what the result means to you, the average business owner who someday must value your business for tax purposes.

You (Joe) operate your family business (Success Co.) as a corporation. The assets of Success Co. include a number of appreciated assets; for example, investments in stocks, land and buildings. Also many assets subject to deprecation — mostly equipment — are on the books for much less than their current value. Now suppose Success Co. is correctly valued at $5 million. The value of the various assets that Success Co. owes is $4 million, but has only a book value of $3 million. So, if Success Co. were to sell the assets or actually liquidated (neither Joe nor Success Co. intend to sell the assets or liquidate), there would be a $1 million profit. Say the tax (state and federal) on the profit would be $400,000. The question that faced the court was could the value of the corporation be reduced by $400,000 to $4.6 million? “Yes,” said the court, turning thumbs down on the IRS’s claim to ignore this built-in-gains discount (actually the potential tax due for an asset sale or corporate liquidation).

Applause! Applause! for the court. Think about it: That discount of $400,000 could save Joe about $210,000 in estate taxes.

As a practical matter, this case allows you to take three distinct valuation discounts: (1) a discount for lack of marketability; (2) discount for built-in gains of assets, even if you don’t intend to sell them or liquidate (technically a part of the marketability discount); and (3) a discount for minority interest if you are transferring 50 percent or less of your stock to one person (for example, Joe Gives 30 percent of his Success Co. stock to each of his two children). After these three discounts, a $5 million company may only be worth in the $3 million range for tax purposes. Or a $2 million discount, yielding estate tax savings of about $1.1 million. Truly a great victory!

Now a personal puff of pride for our office, which has a large valuation department. We have been taking similar discounts for built-in gains for years.

The right value of your business, whether transferring to your kids, for estate planning or for other purposes, is one of the most important tax-impact considerations in the law.

Do you have a business valuation problem — particularly if you want to transfer your business to another family member — that is driving you up the proverbial “tax wall?” Then you are welcome to call me (847-674-5295). Let’s chat about your exact situation.

One happy Mom learned that the right planning can be tax magic.

Friday, March 27th, 2009

Do you have a large amount of retained earnings and excess cash in your corporation, but the double taxing power of the law has your cash locked in the corporation? Most business owners think they are stuck, but there’s a way out.

Here’s a true story of one way to get the job done. You’ll like it. Joe called me with this problem. Joe and his brother Jeff each owned 30 percent of Success Co., which they managed.

His mom, Mary, 66, owned 20 percent in her own name, and a trust created when Joe’s dad died owned the other 20 percent. Mary’s professional advisors recommended that she obtain $2 million of insurance using an irrevocable life insurance trust to pay the estate tax liability that would be due at her death — because of the value of the assets she owned directly in her own name and indirectly as a beneficiary of her deceased husband’s trust. The advisors were right. Mary needed the insurance, but she did not have any chance of coming up with the annual premium requirements of $32,000 for as long as she lived.

I asked Joe lots of questions, conferred with the advisors and requested a large pile of information — stuff like tax returns, financial statements, etc. After discovering that Success Co. had $2.5 million in excess cash, this is what I recommended.

Mary gifts $1.2 million of her Success Co. stock — the total value of Success Co. was appraised at over $8 million — to a charitable remainder trust. The charitable trust agrees to pay Mary $72,000 per year for as long as she lives. At Mary’s death, the balance, called the “remainder,” in the trust would go to charity. Each year Mary must pay $25,000 in income tax on the $72,000 of income from the charitable trust and $32,000 in premiums for the $2 million policy, which is owned by the life insurance trust, or a total of $57,000. This leaves Mary an extra $15,000 per year to buy presents for her grandchildren.

The life insurance trust will give Mary’s children $2 million in insurance proceeds when she dies. The entire $2 million will be tax free: no income tax and no estate tax.

But where does the charitable trust get the income to pay Mary? The charitable trust sells the gifted stock back to Success Co. for $1.2 million.

Let’s summarize Mary’s tax picture. Mary avoids all capital gains tax on the sale of the Success Co. stock. The balance in the charitable trust estimated at $1.1 million at Mary’s death goes to Mary’s favorite charity and is free of income tax and estate tax.

In addition, Mary gets an immediate income tax deduction of about $200,000 for her contribution to the charitable trust.

Simply put, even though Mary avoids both the capital gains tax and the estate tax, the IRS writes her a check. For what, you ask? For the present value of the remainder of the $1.2 million gifted to the charitable trust. This $200,000 (immediate deduction) results in about $70,000 in cash income tax savings for Mary — more expensive presents for the grandkids.

(Note: If Mary had sold the $1.2 million of Success Co. stock directly to the company, it would have been taxed as a dividend, resulting in a whopping tax of $180,000.)

A side note before concluding: There are many other ways to get cash or other types of property out of C corporations in a tax-effective manner. If you have such a problem, as a service to readers of this column, call me with your problem (847) 674-5295.

The use of a charitable remainder trust in tandem with an irrevocable life insurance trust is actually a method for making a tax-advantaged investment for your family. You may actually create wealth and make a real economic profit by giving to charity.

Estate Tax Blog

by Irv Blackman

First and foremost, Irv Blackman is both a CPA and a lawyer. Irv is a tax guy. Stay tuned to the site by signing up for the RSS feed.